Levine Agar (EMB) is a slightly selective medium for the investigation and differentiation of lactose-fermenting and lactose non-fermenting Enterobacteria in foods, dairy products, and clinical samples. It is used for the examination of samples of sanitary importance for the presence of coliforms. Gelatin Peptone provides nitrogen, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids that are essential for growth. Lactose is the fermentable carbohydrate providing carbon and energy. Eosin Y and Methylene blue are inhibitors of Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteriological agar is the solidifying agent. Coliforms, being lactose-fermenting organisms, are identified as blue-black colonies. Lactose non-fermenters, such as Salmonella and Shigella, show colourless colonies, transparent or amber.
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