Mueller Hinton Agar II was developed for the cultivation and isolation of pathogenic strains of Neisseria. This medium was found to also be useful in identifying sulphonamide-resistant and responsive strains of gonococci. However, Mueller Hinton Agar is now used in antimicrobial disk susceptibility testing. Bauer and Kirby developed a standardized procedure for determining the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotic, in which Mueller Hinton Agar was selected as the test medium, because clinical microbiology laboratories in the 60s were using a wide variety of different mediums and procedures. Its performance is specified by CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute), and the medium has been recommended for testing rapidly growing aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacterial pathogens and fastidious species like H. influenziae, N. gonorrhoeae or S. pneumoniae, when defibrinated sheep blood is added. Mueller Hinton Agar II is manufactured to contain low levels of thymine and thymidine, and controlled levels of calcium and magnesium. Beef infusion and acid Casein peptone (H) provide nitrogen, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids essential for growth. The starch absorbs any toxic metabolites produced. Bacteriological agar is the solidifying agent.
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